Insulator.



R. M. JOHNSTON.

INSULATOR.

PPLIOATION FILED DB0.2a,19o'1.

974,672. Patented N0v.1,1910.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

R. M. JOHNSTON.

INSULATOR.

AIPLIUATION PIIED DEO.23,1907. 974,672. Patented N0v.1,191o.

3 SHEETSSHEET 2.

/a '57 l immun R. M. JOHNSTON.

INSULATORL APPLICATION FILED DEG. 23.1907. I 974,672. Patented Nov.1,191o.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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ROBERT M. JOHNSTON, Ol MANSFIELD, OEIO, ASSIGNOR- T0 THE OHIO BRASS COMPANY, OF MANSFIELD, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

INSULATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 1, 1910.

190'?. Serial No. 407,623.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, Ronal-rr M. JOHNSTON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Mansfield, in the county of Richland and State of Ghio, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Insulators, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in insulators and more particularly to high potential insulators of the suspended type and the primary object of the invention is to construct an improved insulator of this character to provide a maximum dielectric separation between points of opposite potential, and to provide an improved insulator comprising interchangeable insulator sections.

A further object is to construct an improved insulator of this character to provide a maximum resistance to surface leakage, and to provide improved. means for attaining the maximum resistance to mechanical strains.

A further object is to provide an improved insulator of this character constructed to re duce to a minimum electrostatic stresses and puncturing by lightning and abnormal voltages and to provide a maximum arcing distance.

A further object is to provide improved means for securing and suspending the insulator to its support and to construct the insulator so that the dielectric strength there of may be increased in regular proportions by the addition of duplicate sections in series.

A further object is to provide improved means for securing the sections together and to provide an improved ointbetween the insulating sections so as to permit the sect-ions alining themselves with respect to each other.

A further object is to provide an improved insulator of this character which will be simple, durable and cheap in construction and effective and efficient in operation.

To the attainment of these ends and the accomplishment of other new and useful objects, as will appear, the invention consists in the features of novelty in the construction, combination and arrangement of the several parts hereinafter more fully described and claimed and shown in the accompanying drawings, illustrating the embodiment of the invention and in which- Figure l is a detail elevation showing the insulator constructed in accordance with the principles of this invention suspended from a suitable support. Fig. 2 is a detail View partly in elevation and partly in sect-ion of one section of an improved insulator constructed in accordance with the principles of this invention. Fig. 3 is a detail view partly in elevation and partly in section showing one form of connection between two sections of insulators. Fig. 4 is a View partly in elevation and partly in section of a modified form of the insulator and a modiiied form of connection for connecting two sections of the insulator. Fig. 5 is a detail view showing a modified form of connection between the insulator body and the protecting skirt. Fig. G is a view partly in section of another modified form of insulator and a modified form of connection for connecting two sections of the insulator.

Referring more particularly to the drawings and in the present exemplification of the invention, the numeral lO designates the body portion of the insulator which may be of any suitable insulating material, and formed integral therewith adjacent one extremity of the body portion is a protecting skirt ll. The body portion l0 may be of any desired diameter and is preferably of an extended length, the ends 12, 13, of which increase in diameter toward the extremities thereof and the body portion intermediate one of the extremities and the protecting skirt ll, which latter is located remote from the extremity 13, is provided with a plurality of peripheral corrugations 14, thereby providing a high resistance to surface leakage, and also presenting no obstructions to the drying and cleaning action of the wind whereby deposits of dust and moisture and other current conducting substances may be dissipated, and also providing means whereby the maximum arcing distance may be obtained. The protecting skirt l1 is of a diameter somewhat larger than the diameter of the body portion l0, and secured to the body of the insulator above the protecting skirt 11 is an upper protecting skirt 15, which is preferably of a diameter somewhat larger than the diameter of the skirt 1l. This protecting skirt l5 is provided with a conical projection or head 1G on the upper face thereof, also of a diameter somewhat larger than the diameter of the body portion of the insulator and is provided with a conical recess 17 extending through the lower face thereof, which recess tapers inwardly and downwardly from the head 16 and is adapted to receive the extremity 12 of the body portion 10. The larger diameter of this extremity 12 is of a greater diameter than the smaller diameter of the recess 17 and is adapted to be inserted within the recess, after which the joint or connection may be made in any desired or suitable manner, preferably by shrinking the protecting skirt 15 and the head 16 thereof over the extremity 12 of the body portion.

The insulating body portion 10 and the protecting skirt 15 are secured together preferably by the introduction of glaze or some other suitable fusible non-conducting cementing substance into the space between the periphery of the extremity 12 and the wall of the recess 17. A suitable swivel eyebolt 18 may be provided for suspending the insulator and may be secured to the head 16 of the protecting skirt 15 in any desired or suitable manner for a swivel movement with relation thereto. A suitable and eflicient means for accomplishing this purpose comprises a sectional clamp 19 which is adapted to surround the head 16 of the protecting skirt 15 and the extremity of the eye-bolt 18 and the sections thereof may be secured together' in any desired or suitable manner, preferably by means of screws or bolts 2O passing therethrough. One of the sections 19 of the clamp may be provided with a suitable aperture 21, through which suitable cementing material 22 may be placed to fill the space between the adjacent faces of the clamp 19 and the periphery of the projection or head 16. A similar swivel eyebolt 23 is secured to the extremity 13 of the body portion 10 below the protecting skirt 11 by means of a similar sectional clamp 24C, the sections thereof being secured together preferably by means of screws or bolts 25, passing therethrough, and suitable cementing material 26 may be placed between the periphery of the extremity 13 and the clamp 24 for securely holding the latter against displacement with relation to the body portion 10.

Should it be desired to increase the dielectric separation between the points of opposite potential, this may be accomplished by coupling two or more of these insulator sections together in series. In order to couple two sections the clamp 24, together with the swivel eye-bolt 23, is removed from the vextremity 13 of the body portion 10 of one of the sections and the clamping member 19 and swivel eye-bolt 13 is removed from another of the sections. The extremity 13 of one section is then placed into engagement with'the projection or head 16 of the other section and the two sections secured together in any desired or suitable manner. A suitable and eilicient means for accomplishing this purpose comprises a clamp 27, one portion of which is constructed of a diameter to su round the projection or head 16 of one section and the extremity 13 of the other section, as shown more clearly in Fig. 3 of the drawings, and suitable cementing matcrial 2S may be interposed between the peripheries of the adjacent portions of the respective sections and the clamp 27. If desired, these sections may be coupled together before the swivel or eye-bolts 18 and 23 are secured to the extremities thereof.

If desired, the lower protecting vskirt 11 may be formed separate from the body portion and secured thereto, and in this event the lower protecting skirt is provided with a projection or head 29 which extends beyond the lower face thereof as shown more clearly in Fig. 4L of the drawings and the skirt and head are provided with a conical recess 30, the body portion 10 in this exemplilication of the invention being provided with an end 31 which increases in diameter toward the extremity thereof and is adapted to be inserted into the conical recess 30 in the skirt 11 and may be secured against displacement by means of suitable cementing material 32. ln this exemplification of the invention the insulator will be provided with a head or projection at each extremity thereof, and with this improved construction two or more insulating sections may be adjustably secured together. A suitable and etlicient means for accomplishing this result comprises sectional clamps 33, one of which may be secured to the heads or projections of two or more insulator sections, each of the sections of the respective clamps being provided with a hook shaped portion 34 adapted to cooperate with each other to form a supporting eye when the two sections of the respective clamps are secured together upon the extremities of the insulator section, the clamp sections being secured in any desirable or suitable manner, preferably by means of screws or bolts 35 passing therethrough. rllhe eyes formed by the coperating hook shaped members 3a on the respective sections and on one end thereof are adapted to be interengaged to form a loose connection. between the two insulator sections, as shown more clearly in Fig. 4 of the drawings, the eye on the upper section being adapted to suspend the insulator from the support 36 shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings, while the eye upon the free end of the lower section of the insulator is adapted to support a suitable clamp 37 which engages and supports the conductor wire 33.

In Fig. 5 of the drawings there is shown a modified form of the manner of securing the protecting skirt 15 to the body portion 10 of the insulator and in this exempliiication of the invention the extremity 12 of the body portion is of a uniform diameter and the recess 17 in the projection or head 1e is cylindrical and of a diameter to tit over the extremity 12 of the body portion 10, the two parts being secured together by means of suitable cementing material 2G. If desired, the clamps 33 may be provided with a suitable aperture 39, as shown in Fig. of the drawings for placing the cementing material between the clamps and the heads or projections.

1With this improved construction of insulator, itwill be seen that there is no conducting material within the interior of the insulating section or sections, which construction reduces to a minimum electrostatic stresses and liability of puncture by lightning` and abnormal voltages, and the formation and relative position of the upper and lower protecting skirts in combination with the long body of insulating material prevents the formation of still air spaces which is very desirable in insulators of this class and also by this arrangement, it is possible to allow al maximum arcing distance.

lYith the improved construction of clamps having the coperating suspension hooks, all of the parts of the clamps will be com:- plementary and interchangeable and by connecting the sections in this improved manner, the sections of the insulators will adjust themselves as a whole perpendiculai'jly when a load, such as a conductor cable, is attached to the free extremity of the lower insulator section. If desired and in order to provide means for catching and sustaining the conductor cable 38 in the event of the disengagement of the latter from the insulator, a suitable guard` 40 may be provided for the conductor cable, which comprises a suitable `flexible member which is looped over and extends below the conductor cable 38 with the extremities thereof secured in any suitable manner to the support 36 on each side of the conductor cable, as shown more clearly in' Fig. 1 of the drawings.

ln the modification shown in Fig. 6 of the drawings, the hollow bodyL portion 10 of the insulator, together with the protecting skirts 11 and 15, are integral, and secured to the conical extremity 10 of the body portion is a clamp comprising' two sections 41 which surround the extremity 12 above the protecting skirt 15 and these sections are provided with projecting ears 42 extending from the sides thereof, and passing through suitable apertures in the ears 42, which apertures register with each other, are suitable fastening means 43 such as bolts or the like, for securing the clamp sections together and suitable cementing material 22 may be placed between the periphery of the extremity 12 and the clamp sections 41 as an additional fastening means. Projecting above the clamp sections 41 and beyond the extremity 12 of the insulator' section, are spacedr extensions 44 which are preferably triangular in con figuration and are provided with registering apertures in the a-pices ot the triangles.

The lower extremity of the hollow body portion is enlarged as at 4G and said enlargement is preferably conical in configuuration and communicates with the aperture 47 in the hollow body portion and is so arranged that the smaller diameter of the conical opening is arranged adjacent the extremity of the insulator body portion while the larger dia-meter is arranged within the body portion to forni shoulder 48.

Arranged within the aperture 46 is a sectional conical plug 4S), each section of which is provided with a semi-circular recess 50 in the adjacent faces thereof and these sec` tions are adapted to be inserted in the conical recess 4G of the insulator section and are secured against displacement by means of suitable cementing material 51. If desired, the outer faces of the sections of the plug may be provided with grooves or recesses 52 into which the cementing material 51 may enter for more securely holding the plug in position.

Supported by the plug 49 and resting against the shoulder 48 of the insulator section is a sectional ffasher 53 which is provided with recesses on their inner faces to register with the semi-circular recesses 50 in the plug sections. A swivel bolt 54 is provided with a head 55 at one extremity and a cylindrical portion 5G adjacent the head and the other extremity is provided with an eye 57 which latter is adapted to be placed between the triangular projections 44 on the clamp sections 41 so that the aperture therein will register with the apertures 45 in the extensions 44, and a suitable bolt 58 is adapted to pass through the registering apertures for pivotally connecting the bolt 54 to the upper extremity of one of the insulator sections. The sections of the plug 49 and the sections of the washer 53 are placed about the cylindrical portion 5G of the bolt 54 below the head 55, and the plug together with the washe and the extremity of the bolt are inserted in the recess 46 in the lower extremity of the insulator section and are secured in position by means of the cementing material 51. If desired, the bolt 54 may be secured by the plug 49 to one extremity of the insulator section before the other section is connected to the eye 57 thereof. lVith this form of connection it will. be seen that the sections are not only pivotally connected` but the sections are swiveled together by means of the bolt 54.

Then one insulator section is used to support the conductor cable 3S, the clamp 37 is connected to the eye 57 in a manner similar to that shown in Fig. 2 but when it is desired to connect two of the insulating sections together, one section is attached to the other section by removing the conductor clamp 87 from the eye bolt and inserting the eye bolt between the projections 44 on another section and securing the clamping members and the eye bolt by means ot the bolt 5S.

In the exempliications of the invent-ion shown in Figs. l to 4 ot' the drawings, the protecting skirt is separate from the body portion of the insulator and the smaller internal diameter orn the protecting skirt or skirts is less than the larger external dialneter of the insulating body, thereby providing, when said projections are interlocked with said skirts and heads, a maximum resistance to tensile strain. This is accom* plished by placing the protecting skirt or skirts over the head of the insulating body in the following manner: the insulating body portion l0 is formed and dried and the head is then inserted into the protecting skirt and the head thereof while the latter are wet; the whole is then dried and the protecting skirt and the head thereof will contract and interlock with the projection or head on the insulator body.

In order that the invention might be fully understood by those skilled in the art, the details of the foregoing embodiment thereof have been thus specilically described, but

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent isl. In an insulator, the combination of a series of interchangeable insulator sections detachably swiveled together, and a suspension means attached to the ends of the series.

2. In an insulator, the combination of a plurality of insulator sections, connected clamps engaging the adjacent ends of the sections, and a suspension device attached to the free extremity of the sections.

3. In an insulator, the combination ot a series of insulator sections, means for detachably swiveling said sections together7 and a suspension means attached to the ends of the series.

4. In an insulator, the combination of a series of interchangeable insulator sections detachably swiveled together, and a suspension means attached to the ends of the series.

5. An insulator, comprising a hollow body portion of insulating material, a suspension bolt, one extremity of the bolt projecting into the hollow body portion at one end of the insulator, means for supporting and securing the bolt to the body for free swivel movement with respect thereto, said bolt being provided with suspension means at its free end, and a` suspension device secured to the other end of the insulator.

6. An insulator, comprising a hollow body portion of insulating material, a bearing plug secured inone end of the body portion, a suspension bolt, one extremity ot' which projects into the hollow body portion and is journaled in said plug for free axial movement, said bolt projecting beyond the body portion and provided with suspension means at its tree end, and a suspension device secured to the other end of the insulator.

7. An' insulator, formed of a series of separate insulator sections, each comprising a hollow body portion of insulating material, a bearing plug secured in one end of each section, a suspension bolt i'or each section, one extremity of which projects into the hollow body portion of the respective sections and is journaled in the bearing plug for axial movement with respect to the section, said bolts projecting beyond the free end of the respective sections and each having suspension means at its free end, a suspension device supported by the other end of each section, and means for pivotally connecting one of the said suspension devices to the free end of one of the bolts, whereby said sections will have tree pivotal and swivel movements with respect to each other.

8. An insulator, comprising a hollow body portion of insulating material, with the opening at one end of the body increasing in diameter from said end, a bearing plug increasing in diameter from one end to the other and secured within the said end of the insulator body portion, a headed suspension bolt projecting through the plug and journaled therein for free swivel movement, the head of the bolt resting upon the face of the plug within the insulator body, the free extremity of the bolt projecting through the plug and extending beyond the extremity, suspension means at the free end of the bolt beyond the plug, and suspension means secured to the other end of the insulator.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name t o this specilication, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, on this 20th day of November A. D. 1907.

ROBERT M. OHNSTOl\.

Witnesses Gro. A. MEAD, E. Horrns. 

